Perceptions, Representations, and Common Strategies Adopted by Pregnant Women in Response to Nausea and Vomiting During Pregnancy: In-Depth Interviews

Abstract

Introduction: nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP) are common, particularly intense during the first trimester. The use of ginger is one of the non-pharmacological alternatives suggested to alleviate these symptoms. The aim of this study was to explore pregnant women’s perceptions and representations regarding NVP and the most common strategies they adopt to manage it.

Materials and method: virtual in-depth interviews were conducted with pregnant individuals over 18 years of age in their second or third trimester of pregnancy. Participants were selected through theoretical convenience sampling. The interview guide included the following areas: Personal data; Health care; Presence of NVP; Recommended actions; Knowledge about ginger. Analysis involved verbatim transcription, coding of texts, and development of thematic categories.

Results: The sample consisted of six women, two of whom were experiencing their first pregnancy. All participants were attending prenatal check-ups in accordance with guidelines from the Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, and five out of six reported experiencing NVP. All had to modify their usual diets to adapt to their symptoms. They received medical prescriptions for antiemetic drugs, but none received nutritional counseling. Most stated that a guide on nutrition during pregnancy would be helpful. Although all participants were familiar with ginger, none associated it with a natural treatment option to relieve NVP.

Conclusion: NVP was frequently reported among the interviewed pregnant women, who reduced their food intake, did not receive nutritional counseling, and were unaware of ginger as an alternative for symptom relief.